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Mesothelioma Mesothelioma is a type of cancer that is associated with exposure to asbestos, a naturally occurring mineral. The disease typically develops over the course of many years after exposure. Doctors treat mesothelioma using radiation, chemotherapy and surgery. Treatment can help patients live longer. There are three types of mesothelioma. The stage and the type of cells that compose the tumor impact the prognosis. What is mesothelioma? The mesothelioma that is cancerous forms in the mesothelium (a thin layer of tissue lining organs inside). It is caused by exposure to asbestos which is a class of fibrous minerals. Asbestos exposure occurs when individuals swallow or inhale stray asbestos fibers. The asbestos particles stick to the organ's lining and irritate them, leading to tumors. The diagnosis of mesothelioma may be made by a doctor after they look at the tumors and obtain a tissue sample, also known as a biopsy. Mesothelioma is classified by type depending on the type of cells that are found in the tumours. The three types of mesothelioma are epithelial (also known as sarcomatoid) biphasic, sarcomatoid and epithelial. Epithelial mesothelioma has the highest frequent type which accounts for approximately 50 percent of all diagnoses. Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma accounts for 10 percent of all cases and has a worse prognosis than epithelial. Biphasic mesothelioma has a mixture of epithelial and Sarcomatoid cells, and is responsible for 30 to 40% of all diagnoses. Symptoms of mesothelioma may include difficulty breathing or chest pain, or pain in the abdomen. These symptoms are similar to those of other illnesses, which is why it is essential to consult your doctor if you suffer from these symptoms. Treatment for mesothelioma can reduce symptoms, slow tumour development and help patients to live longer. Treatment options include chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. Palliative care is accessible to patients and can help reduce discomfort and pain. Doctors are still pursuing ways to treat mesothelioma and the ways it spreads. The latest treatments include immunotherapy, which uses your body's own immune system to fight cancer. This is a trial treatment that has shown promise for a few mesothelioma patients. Patients can also participate in clinical trials, which are research studies on new treatments. Patients with mesothelioma are often treated at cancer centers with specialized specialists who treat the condition. Diagnosis A mesothelioma diagnosis can be the first step towards receiving treatment that can prolong your life. Your doctor will review your medical history and symptoms to determine the type of mesothelioma that you are suffering from. This is important because the three main mesothelioma cell types respond differently to treatment. Your doctor may recommend an X-ray chest scan or CT scan as the first test. In this procedure, you lie on an X-ray table while the or CT machine takes a clear image of your chest and the organs surrounding it. A small dose of dye, usually iodine is usually given before the procedure. This makes the tissues in your chest or abdomen lighter and easier to be able to. During this period, you might be asked to take an air test. If these tests show an indication of a cancerous tumor mass, your doctor will probably order a biopsy. A biopsy is the removal the sample from the mass or tumor, either by surgery or by inserting an needle into the region. The sample is then tested under a microscope to look for mesothelioma tumor cells. In certain instances, our specialists use ultrasound to detect lymph nodes with enlarged lymphatic vessels that could be mesothelioma. This procedure is called endobronchial ultrasound guided needle aspiration or EBNA. This procedure is done as an outpatient procedure, which means you can return home the next day. A mesothelioma specialist will also require the stage of the cancer. The stages are determined based on how far the cancer has spread, and what kind of mesothelioma is present. A mesothelioma expert can give you a precise diagnosis to ensure you get the best treatment. Treatment The treatment plan of mesothelioma patients is determined by the severity of the disease as well as their overall health. Patients with mesothelioma typically receive multimodal treatment that includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. The first step to treat mesothelioma begins with an examination of the body and informing the doctor about any past exposure to asbestos. Doctors may also request imaging scans and blood tests to check for mesothelioma, and rule out other conditions. These include CT (computerized Tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic-resonance imaging) scans, FDG-PET scans (fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography), and mediastinoscopy. Surgery is a viable option for most pleural mesothelioma cases. A patient can undergo a minimally-invasive procedure known as video-assisted needle biopsy or CT-guided thoracoscopic surgical. Both surgeries can boost the life expectancy of a patient and reduce symptoms. Chemotherapy makes use of drugs to kill cancerous cells and stop them from advancing. It is a common mesothelioma treatment and can prolong the duration of survival. It is available as an intravenous drip (IV) or pill form. Radiation therapy is another mesothelioma cure that can kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. It can be used to treat pleural cancer at various stages, and also to ease pain and prolong the lives of patients. In the final stages of mesothelioma treatment, doctors concentrate on reducing symptoms to extend the lifespan of patients as long as is possible. This type of treatment is known as palliative treatment. Although the average mesothelioma survival rate is low however, there are many who have survived. Stephen Jay Gould was diagnosed with peritoneal peritoneal cancer in 1982. He lived another 20 years before passing away due to complications from another illness. Symptoms Many people with mesothelioma have symptoms for months or years before they are diagnosed. The initial symptoms are similar to those experienced by other diseases and it's easy to ignore or confuse them for minor illnesses. If you do experience any of these symptoms, it's essential to consult your physician immediately. The organs of your body are covered in a layer of tissue called mesothelium. This layer prevents them from coming into contact. Mesothelioma is a cancer that affects mesothelium, which is the cells that line your organs. The lining surrounding your lungs is the most common place where mesothelioma begins. But, it can develop in the heart (pericardium) and abdomen (peritoneum) or the tissue around your testicles (tunica vulginalis). The initial signs of mesothelioma are chest pain, fatigue and breathlessness. Mesothelioma can also cause fluid to build up in the lungs and chest wall resulting in pleural effusion. Pleural effusions can cause pressure on the lungs, which can cause coughing and breathing difficulties. Doctors diagnose mesothelioma after conducting a thorough medical examination and taking the patient's history. They may order chest X-rays, which can show abnormalities such as thickening of the lung lining, or the accumulation of fluid in the chest wall. They may also request an MRI, CT scan or PET scan to get an examination of your lung or other tissues of your body. They can also flush any fluid that has accumulated in the pleura, or the peritoneum using an ultrasound-guided needle aspiration procedure. A biopsy can assist in determining the mesothelioma type that is forming the tumor, and how it is growing. This will help doctors decide on the best treatment options. Surgery, radiation and chemotherapy are the three types of standard mesothelioma treatments. Prevention Mesothelioma is not preventable, but you can lower your risk by avoiding people who are exposed to asbestos and avoiding the area. Exposure to asbestos may cause lung cancer, as well as other diseases that can affect the lining of certain organs. There are a variety of types of mesothelioma. Some are more severe than others. Certain types of mesothelioma may be easier to treat. Asbestos is an assortment of minerals with microscopic fibers. It was used in industrial and construction products by manufacturers who were not aware of the dangers it posed. Veterans and blue-collar workers were the most exposed to asbestos. Asbestos has been found to be hazardous and you shouldn't be living in an old factory or work there. If you have an antecedent of exposure to asbestos, talk with your doctor about undergoing regular screening. bethlehem mesothelioma attorneys -rays, CT or MRI scanners can detect problems in your abdomen or lungs. A biopsy can identify a tumor on the stomach lining or chest. Doctors can test tissue samples from this area to determine whether you suffer from mesothelioma. There is a possibility that you have pleural mesothelioma, which affects the lining of your lungs. Other kinds include pericardial, testicular or peritoneal. After asbestos exposure It can take a number of years before mesothelioma starts to manifest. Even then, it may be difficult to identify. It's often misdiagnosed as a different condition or illness like lung cancer, pneumonia, or bronchitis. This can hinder you from receiving the proper treatment. Researchers are working to improve the diagnosis of cancer and developing tests to detect mesothelioma sooner. This could lead to better treatment and a higher survival rate. The study involves using genetic tests to determine who is most likely to develop mesothelioma.